Nature & Environment
Japanese Basic Conversation 4
Chapter 9 ยท Nature & Environment: Climate, Recycling & Sustainable Living
๐ฑ Nature & Environment โ ใใใใใ
Rubbish sorting, recycling and talk about the weather and the climate are part of daily life in Japan. This chapter uses ใใใใซ and ใใใใซ to talk about good habits and goals, ใใใใ ("too much") to talk about waste, and ใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใ ("I make a point ofโฆ"). There is no romaji except in the vocabulary table. Each dialog is followed by a Words note with English meanings.
โ Sorting the Rubbish โ ใใฟใฎ ใถใในใค
โก Collection Days โ ใใ ใใใ ใใณ
โข Reducing Waste โ ใใฟใ ใธใใ
โฃ The Weather and Climate โ ใใใ
โค Nature Walk โ ใใใ
โฅ Between Friends (casual) โ ใจใใ ใกใจ
๐ Key Phrases โ ใ ใใใช ใฒใใใใ
| English | Polite | Casual |
|---|---|---|
| Where do I throw this away? | ใใใฏ ใฉใใซ ใใฆใพใใใ | ใใ ใฉใใซ ใใฆใ? |
| When is collection day? | ใใ ใใใ ใใณใฏ ใใคใงใใใ | ใใฟใฎ ใฒ ใใค? |
| It's too hot. | ใใคใใใพใใ | ใใคใใใใ |
| I make a point of recycling. | ใชใตใคใฏใซใใ ใใใซ ใใฆใใพใใ | ใชใตใคใฏใซ ใใฆใใใ |
| Please sort it properly. | ใใกใใจ ใใใฆ ใใ ใใใ | ใกใใใจ ใใใฆใ |
| It's better not to. | ใใชใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ | ใใชใ ใปใใ ใใใใ |
๐ค Three Verbs โ ใฉใใ
| Verb | Polite | Plain | ใชใ-form | ใฆ-form |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| to throw away (G2) | ใใฆใพใ | ใใฆใ | ใใฆใชใ | ใใฆใฆ |
| to separate, divide (G2) | ใใใพใ | ใใใ | ใใใชใ | ใใใฆ |
| to protect (G1) | ใพใใใพใ | ใพใใ | ใพใใใชใ | ใพใใฃใฆ |
๐งฐ Grammar Tools โ ใถใใฝใ
1. ใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใ: I make a point ofโฆ
Take a plain verb and add ใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใ for a habit you deliberately keep: ใพใใซใก ใใใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใ "I make a point of walking every day". The negative is ใใชใ ใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใ: ใใฏใใ ใฎใใใชใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใ "I make sure not to leave food". Use ใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใ ใใ for a polite instruction (Japanese Basic Conversation 4 5 taught ใใใใซ for goals).
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| plain + ใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใ | I make a point of | ใงใใใ ใใพใใซ ใใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใใ |
| ใชใ-form + ใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใ | I make sure not to | ใตใใใ ใใใใชใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใใ |
| plain + ใใใซ ใใฆ ใใ ใใ | please try to | ใใใฆ ใ ใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใ ใใใ |
2. ใใใใ revisited: too much
Add ใใใ to a verb ใพใ-stem or an adjective stem: ใคใใใใใ "make too much", ใใคใใใ "too hot". Combine it with ใใชใใใใซ (Japanese Basic Conversation 4 1 introduced ใใใ): ใคใใใใใชใใใใซ ใใพใ "I take care not to overuse it".
| Base | + ใใใ | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ใคใใ | ใคใใใใใ | use too much |
| ใใใ | ใใใใใ | too many |
| ใใใ | ใใใใใใ | too quiet |
3. ใใใใซ: for the purpose of
Use ใใใใซ for your own deliberate goals: ใใใใใใ ใพใใ ใใใซใใชใตใคใฏใซใใพใ "I recycle to protect the environment". With a noun, add ใฎ: ใใใใใใฎ ใใใซ "for the environment".
๐ฐ Reading โ ใใฟใใฎ
Read the text with kanji (readings in brackets). If it's too hard, open the kana-only version below it. Then answer the true/false questions.
ใใฟใฎ ๅๅฅ(ใถใในใค)
ๆฅๆฌ(ใซใปใ)ใธ ๆฅ(ใ)ใ ใฐใใใฎ ใใใใใฟใฎ ๅบ(ใ )ใๆน(ใใ)ใ ใใใใพใใใงใใใ็บ(ใพใก)ใฎ ใซใผใซใฏ ใจใฆใ ใใใใใฆใ็(ใ)ใใ ใใฟใ็ใใชใ ใใฟใใใใใใใซใ็ด(ใใฟ)ใชใฉใใใใใ ๅ(ใ)ใใชใใใฐ ใชใใพใใใๆ(ใใ) ๅ ซๆ(ใฏใกใ)ใพใงใซ ๅบใใชใใจใๆ(ใ)ใฃใฆ ใใฃใฆ ใใใใพใใใๆๅ(ใใใใ)ใฏ ใพใกใใใฆใใๅๅฅใงใใฆใใพใใใใจ ใใ ็ดใ ใฏใใใ ใใจใ ใใใพใใใงใใไป(ใใพ)ใฏ ใซใฌใณใใผใ ่ฆ(ใฟ)ใฆใใพใกใใใชใใใใซ ใใฆใใพใใใใใใใใซใฏ ใญใฃใใใจ ใฉใใซใ ใจใฃใฆใใใใใพใใใใฟใ ๅใใใจใใชใตใคใฏใซใซ ใชใ ใใจใ ใใใฃใฆใ็ฐๅข(ใใใใใ)ใฎ ใใใซ ใใใจ ๆ(ใใ)ใใใใซ ใชใใพใใใ
Show the kana-only version
ใซใปใใธ ใใ ใฐใใใฎ ใใใใใฟใฎ ใ ใใใใ ใใใใพใใใงใใใใพใกใฎ ใซใผใซใฏ ใจใฆใ ใใใใใฆใใใใ ใใฟใใใใชใ ใใฟใใใใใใใซใใใฟใชใฉใใใใใ ใใใชใใใฐ ใชใใพใใใใใ ใฏใกใใพใงใซ ใ ใใชใใจใใใฃใฆ ใใฃใฆ ใใใใพใใใใใใใใฏ ใพใกใใใฆใใใถใในใคใงใใฆใใพใใใใจ ใใ ใใฟใ ใฏใใใ ใใจใ ใใใพใใใงใใใใพใฏ ใซใฌใณใใผใ ใฟใฆใใพใกใใใชใใใใซ ใใฆใใพใใใใใใใใซใฏ ใญใฃใใใจ ใฉใใซใ ใจใฃใฆใใใใใพใใใใฟใ ใใใใจใใชใตใคใฏใซใซ ใชใ ใใจใ ใใใฃใฆใใใใใใใฎ ใใใซ ใใใจ ใใใใใใซ ใชใใพใใใ
English: When I had just come to Japan, I didn't know how to put out rubbish. The town's rules are very detailed, and you have to sort into burnable rubbish, non-burnable rubbish, plastic bottles, paper and so on. If you don't put it out by 8 a.m., it won't be collected. At first I made mistakes, and a notice saying "not sorted correctly" was once stuck on my bag. But now I look at the calendar and make sure not to make mistakes. For plastic bottles I take off the cap and label, and wash them. When I sort my rubbish I learn that it becomes recycling, and I've come to think it's good for the environment.
Words: ใ ใใใ way of putting out ยท ใใใใ detailed ยท ใใฟ paper ยท ใฏใใใ was stuck on (recognise) ยท ใใใใซ ใชใใพใใ I've come toโฆ
1. The writer understood the rubbish rules at once.
Show answer
False: they did not understand how to put it out at first.
2. Rubbish must be put out by 8 a.m.
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True: ๆ ๅ ซๆใพใงใซ.
3. A notice was once stuck on the writer's bag.
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True: ็ดใ ใฏใใใ ใใจใ ใใใพใ.
4. The writer thinks sorting is a waste of time.
Show answer
False: they think it is good for the environment.
๐ Vocabulary โ ใใ
20 key words for nature and the environment. This table is the only place with romaji: use the Say it column.
| # | Japanese | Say it | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ใใใใใ (็ฐๅข) | kankyล | environment | noun |
| 2 | ใชใตใคใฏใซ | risaikuru | recycling | noun |
| 3 | ใใฟ | gomi | rubbish | noun |
| 4 | ใถใในใค (ๅๅฅ) | bunbetsu | sorting | noun |
| 5 | ใใใ ใใ (ๆธฉๆๅ) | ondanka | global warming | noun |
| 6 | ใใใ (ๆฐๅ) | kikล | climate | noun |
| 7 | ใใใ (่ช็ถ) | shizen | nature | noun |
| 8 | ใใใใใใซ | petto botoru | plastic bottle | noun |
| 9 | ใใ (็ผถ) | kan | can | noun |
| 10 | ใตใใ (่ข) | fukuro | bag | noun |
| 11 | ใใใ (็ฉบๆฐ) | kลซki | air | noun |
| 12 | ใฉใใถใค (ๅ็ฉ) | dลbutsu | animal | noun |
| 13 | ใใ (้ช) | yuki | snow | noun |
| 14 | ใใฆใพใ (ๆจใฆใพใ) | sutemasu | throw away | verb |
| 15 | ใใใพใ (ๅใใพใ) | wakemasu | separate | verb |
| 16 | ใพใใใพใ (ๅฎใใพใ) | mamorimasu | protect | verb |
| 17 | ใธใใใพใ (ๆธใใใพใ) | herashimasu | reduce | verb |
| 18 | ใใใใพใ | susugimasu | rinse | verb |
| 19 | ใฎใผใใพใ (็ปใใพใ) | noborimasu | climb | verb |
| 20 | ใใกใใจ | kichin to | properly, neatly | phrase |
โ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ ใใใใ ใ
Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.
1. Say "I make a point of carrying my own bottle."
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ใใคใใใซใ ใใฃใฆ ใใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใใ
2. Say "I take care not to cook too much."
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ใคใใใใใชใใใใซ ใใฆ ใใพใใ
3. Ask "When is non-burnable rubbish collected?"
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ใใใชใ ใใฟใฏ ใใค ใงใใใ
4. Say "I recycle to protect the environment."
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ใใใใใใ ใพใใ ใใใซใใชใตใคใฏใซใใพใใ
5. Say "It's too cold today."
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ใใใใฏ ใใใใใพใใ
6. Which is a deliberate habit: ใฎใใใชใใใใซ ใใฆใใพใ or ใฎใใใใใพใใ?
Show answer
The first: ใฎใใใชใใใใซ ใใฆใใพใ "I make sure not to leave food".