Nature & Environment

Japanese Basic Conversation 4

Chapter 9 ยท Nature & Environment: Climate, Recycling & Sustainable Living

๐ŸŒฑ Nature & Environment โ€” ใ‹ใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†

Rubbish sorting, recycling and talk about the weather and the climate are part of daily life in Japan. This chapter uses ใ€œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ and ใ€œใŸใ‚ใซ to talk about good habits and goals, ใ€œใ™ใŽใ‚‹ ("too much") to talk about waste, and ใ€œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ ("I make a point ofโ€ฆ"). There is no romaji except in the vocabulary table. Each dialog is followed by a Words note with English meanings.

โ‘  Sorting the Rubbish โ€” ใ”ใฟใฎ ใถใ‚“ในใค

A: Excuse me, where do I throw this rubbish?
B: What kind of rubbish is it?
A: A plastic bottle and a can.
B: Take off the cap and label, and wash the bottle before putting it out.
A: What about the can?
B: Rinse it too and put it in a separate bag.
Words: ใ”ใฟ rubbish ยท ใถใ‚“ในใค sorting ยท ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒˆใƒซ plastic bottle ยท ใ‹ใ‚“ can ยท ใ™ใ™ใŽใพใ™ rinse ยท ในใคใฎ separate ยท ใตใใ‚ bag

โ‘ก Collection Days โ€” ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใณ

A: When is burnable rubbish collected?
B: Every Monday and Thursday.
A: And non-burnable?
B: Only once a month. Please put it out by 8 a.m.
A: I'll mark the days on the calendar so I don't forget.
B: That's a good idea.
Words: ใ‚‚ใˆใ‚‹ ใ”ใฟ burnable rubbish ยท ใ‚‚ใˆใชใ„ ใ”ใฟ non-burnable rubbish ยท ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใ‚…ใ† collection ยท ใพใ„ใ—ใ‚…ใ† every week ยท ใ€œใพใงใซ by (deadline)

โ‘ข Reducing Waste โ€” ใ”ใฟใ‚’ ใธใ‚‰ใ™

A: Do you do anything to reduce your waste?
B: Yes, I make a point of taking my own shopping bag.
A: So that you don't get too many bags, right?
B: Yes. Also, so I don't leave food uneaten, I don't cook too much.
A: I use my own water bottle too.
B: Even small things make a big difference if you keep doing them.
Words: ใธใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ reduce ยท ใƒžใ‚คใƒใƒƒใ‚ฐ own shopping bag ยท ใŸในใฎใ“ใ— leftover food ยท ใ€œใ™ใŽใ‚‹ too much ยท ใƒžใ‚คใƒœใƒˆใƒซ own bottle ยท ใกใŒใ„ difference

โ‘ฃ The Weather and Climate โ€” ใใ“ใ†

A: Don't you think summers have got too hot lately?
B: Yes. I hear it's the effect of global warming.
A: I drink lots of water so I don't get heatstroke.
B: I set the aircon to 28ยฐ so as not to overuse it.
A: Does it get cold in winter?
B: Hokkaido has a lot of snow, but other places don't get much.
Words: ใใ“ใ† climate ยท ใŠใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ใ‹ global warming ยท ใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ† effect ยท ใญใฃใกใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใ‚‡ใ† heatstroke ยท ใ›ใฃใฆใ„ใŠใ‚“ใฉ set temperature ยท ใ‚†ใ snow

โ‘ค Nature Walk โ€” ใ—ใœใ‚“

A: Shall we climb a mountain this weekend?
B: Good. Let's make sure to take our rubbish home.
A: Yes. To protect nature, please don't pick flowers or branches.
B: It's better not to feed the animals either.
A: The air is lovely and clean.
B: Yes, it feels good.
Words: ใฎใผใ‚Šใพใ™ climb ยท ใพใ‚‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ protect ยท ใฉใ†ใถใค animal ยท ใˆใ• food for animals ยท ใใ†ใ air ยท ใ€œใชใ„ ใปใ†ใŒ ใ„ใ„ it's better not to

โ‘ฅ Between Friends (casual) โ€” ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใจ

A: Oh, you haven't taken the cap off the bottle!
B: Oops, I forgot.
A: I'll write it on the bag so we don't get it wrong.
B: Thanks. That helps.
Words: ใตใŸ lid ยท ใ‚„ใฐ oops (slang) ยท ใ‹ใ„ใจใ casual for ใ‹ใ„ใฆใŠใ, write in advance ยท ใŸใ™ใ‹ใ‚‹ that's a help

๐Ÿ”‘ Key Phrases โ€” ใ ใ„ใ˜ใช ใฒใ‚‡ใ†ใ’ใ‚“

EnglishPoliteCasual
Where do I throw this away?
When is collection day?
It's too hot.
I make a point of recycling.
Please sort it properly.
It's better not to.

๐Ÿ”ค Three Verbs โ€” ใฉใ†ใ—

VerbPolitePlainใชใ„-formใฆ-form
to throw away (G2)
to separate, divide (G2)
to protect (G1)

๐Ÿงฐ Grammar Tools โ€” ใถใ‚“ใฝใ†

1. ใ€œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™: I make a point ofโ€ฆ

Take a plain verb and add ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ for a habit you deliberately keep: "I make a point of walking every day". The negative is : "I make sure not to leave food". Use for a polite instruction (Japanese Basic Conversation 4 5 taught ใ€œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ for goals).

PatternMeaningExample
plain + ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™I make a point of
ใชใ„-form + ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™I make sure not to
plain + ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„please try to

2. ใ€œใ™ใŽใ‚‹ revisited: too much

Add ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ to a verb ใพใ™-stem or an adjective stem: "make too much", "too hot". Combine it with ใ€œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ (Japanese Basic Conversation 4 1 introduced ใ™ใŽใ‚‹): "I take care not to overuse it".

Base+ ใ™ใŽใ‚‹Meaning
ใคใ‹ใ†use too much
ใŠใŠใ„too many
ใ—ใšใ‹too quiet

3. ใ€œใŸใ‚ใซ: for the purpose of

Use ใ€œใŸใ‚ใซ for your own deliberate goals: "I recycle to protect the environment". With a noun, add ใฎ: "for the environment".

Watch out: ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ vs. ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ The first describes your habit; the second asks another person to try. ใ€œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ often sounds nicely modest: it says you make an effort, not that you always succeed.

๐Ÿ“ฐ Reading โ€” ใ‚ˆใฟใ‚‚ใฎ

Read the text with kanji (readings in brackets). If it's too hard, open the kana-only version below it. Then answer the true/false questions.

ใ”ใฟใฎ ๅˆ†ๅˆฅ(ใถใ‚“ในใค)

Show the kana-only version

English: When I had just come to Japan, I didn't know how to put out rubbish. The town's rules are very detailed, and you have to sort into burnable rubbish, non-burnable rubbish, plastic bottles, paper and so on. If you don't put it out by 8 a.m., it won't be collected. At first I made mistakes, and a notice saying "not sorted correctly" was once stuck on my bag. But now I look at the calendar and make sure not to make mistakes. For plastic bottles I take off the cap and label, and wash them. When I sort my rubbish I learn that it becomes recycling, and I've come to think it's good for the environment.

Words: ใ ใ—ใ‹ใŸ way of putting out ยท ใใ‚ใ—ใ„ detailed ยท ใ‹ใฟ paper ยท ใฏใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ was stuck on (recognise) ยท ใ€œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ I've come toโ€ฆ

1. The writer understood the rubbish rules at once.

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False: they did not understand how to put it out at first.

2. Rubbish must be put out by 8 a.m.

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True: ๆœ ๅ…ซๆ™‚ใพใงใซ.

3. A notice was once stuck on the writer's bag.

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True: ็ด™ใŒ ใฏใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ ใ“ใจใ‚‚ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.

4. The writer thinks sorting is a waste of time.

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False: they think it is good for the environment.

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary โ€” ใ”ใ„

20 key words for nature and the environment. This table is the only place with romaji: use the Say it column.

#JapaneseSay itEnglishType
1kankyลenvironmentnoun
2risaikururecyclingnoun
3gomirubbishnoun
4bunbetsusortingnoun
5ondankaglobal warmingnoun
6kikลclimatenoun
7shizennaturenoun
8petto botoruplastic bottlenoun
9kancannoun
10fukurobagnoun
11kลซkiairnoun
12dลbutsuanimalnoun
13yukisnownoun
14sutemasuthrow awayverb
15wakemasuseparateverb
16mamorimasuprotectverb
17herashimasureduceverb
18susugimasurinseverb
19noborimasuclimbverb
20kichin toproperly, neatlyphrase
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Local Sorting Rules Rubbish rules are set by each city or ward, so categories and collection days differ from town to town. Typical groups are burnable, non-burnable, plastics, cans, bottles and paper, and some places use special coloured bags. Your city office usually provides a calendar or guide, often in English, and an app. If in doubt, read it before you put anything out; a bag left uncollected will have a notice attached to it.
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Small Everyday Habits Bringing your own bag (ใƒžใ‚คใƒใƒƒใ‚ฐ), carrying a reusable bottle (ใƒžใ‚คใƒœใƒˆใƒซ), and not wasting food (ใ‚‚ใฃใŸใ„ใชใ„, "what a waste") are widely shared ideas. ใ‚‚ใฃใŸใ„ใชใ„ is a handy word: say it when something is thrown away unnecessarily.
Kanji Spotlight โ€” ๆœจ and ๅœŸ ๆœจ (ki, moku, tree, wood) and ๅœŸ (tsuchi, do, earth, soil) are two of the basic nature kanji, and also days of the week: ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅ (Thursday) and ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅ (Saturday), which often appear on rubbish calendars. Have a look: ๆœจ โ–ธ ยท ๅœŸ โ–ธ

โœ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ€” ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†

Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.

1. Say "I make a point of carrying my own bottle."

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2. Say "I take care not to cook too much."

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3. Ask "When is non-burnable rubbish collected?"

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4. Say "I recycle to protect the environment."

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5. Say "It's too cold today."

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6. Which is a deliberate habit: ใฎใ“ใ•ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ or ใฎใ“ใ—ใ™ใŽใพใ—ใŸ?

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The first: "I make sure not to leave food".