Telling a Story

Japanese Basic Conversation 4

Chapter 7 ยท Telling a Story: Anecdotes, Incidents & What Happened Next

๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ Telling a Story โ€” ใฏใชใ—

To tell a funny or surprising story you need three things: background (ใ€œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ: "I was doingโ€ฆ"), a turning point (ใใฎใจใ, ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒ) and what happened next (ใ€œใŸใ‚‰, ใใ‚Œใง, ใใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰). There is no romaji except in the vocabulary table. Each dialog is followed by a Words note with English meanings.

โ‘  Starting a Story โ€” ใฏใชใ—ใฎ ใฏใ˜ใพใ‚Š

A: Something funny happened yesterday.
B: What? Tell me.
A: Actually, I was waiting for a friend at the station.
A: Just then, someone tapped me on the shoulder from behind.
B: And then?
A: When I turned round, it was a stranger.
Words: ใ˜ใคใฏ actually ยท ใใฎใจใ at that moment ยท ใใ‚Œใง and then, so ยท ใตใ‚Šใ‚€ใใพใ™ turn round ยท ใŸใŸใ‹ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ was tapped (recognise)

โ‘ก A Mix-up โ€” ใ‹ใ‚“ใกใŒใ„

A: That person said "Long time no see!"
B: What, was it an acquaintance?
A: No. It was a case of mistaken identity.
A: They said "Sorry, I made a mistake," and we both laughed.
B: That's funny.
A: But in fact my real friend was standing right beside me.
Words: ใฒใ•ใ—ใถใ‚Š long time no see ยท ใ—ใ‚Šใ‚ใ„ acquaintance ยท ใฒใจใกใŒใ„ mistaken identity ยท ใพใกใŒใˆใพใ™ make a mistake ยท ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒ however, but then ยท ใจใชใ‚Š next to

โ‘ข A Missed Train โ€” ใฎใ‚ŠใŠใใ‚Œ

A: Last week I missed my train.
B: Why?
A: I was reading a book and went past my station.
B: So what did you do?
A: When I got off at the next station, there were no taxis.
A: Then a police officer drove me.
Words: ใฎใ‚ŠใŠใใ‚Œใพใ™ miss (a train) ยท ใจใŠใ‚Šใ™ใŽใพใ™ go past ยท ใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ get off ยท ใใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ and then, whereupon ยท ใŠใพใ‚ใ‚Šใ•ใ‚“ police officer

โ‘ฃ A Childhood Memory โ€” ใ“ใฉใ‚‚ใฎ ใ“ใ‚

A: When I was a child, I lived in the countryside.
B: What kind of place was it?
A: There were mountains and a river, and I played outside every day.
B: What a nice memory.
A: One day, when I caught a fish in the river, it was very big.
B: Wow!
Words: ใ„ใชใ‹ countryside ยท ใŠใ‚‚ใ„ใง memory ยท ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใฒ one day ยท ใคใ‹ใพใˆใพใ™ catch ยท ใ‚ใใณใพใ™ play

โ‘ค A Surprise Ending โ€” ใŠใก

A: Last night, as I was sleeping, I heard a strange noise.
B: Scary! What kind of noise?
A: A rattling... When I went nervously to look, it was a cat.
B: Oh, is that all.
A: But we don't have a cat.
B: What!
Words: ใธใ‚“ strange ยท ใŠใจ sound ยท ใ“ใ‚ใ„ scary ยท ใŠใใ‚‹ใŠใใ‚‹ timidly ยท ใชใ‚ใ‚“ใ  oh, is that all

โ‘ฅ Between Friends (casual) โ€” ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใจ

A: Hey, listen. Just now...
B: Uh-huh.
A: When I opened my bag, my lunch box wasn't there.
B: What, you forgot it?
A: No, when I looked closely, it was on top of my head.
Words: ใ•ใฃใ a little while ago ยท ใŠในใ‚“ใจใ† lunch box ยท ใฎใฃใฆใŸ was sitting on (casual)

๐Ÿ”‘ Key Phrases โ€” ใ ใ„ใ˜ใช ใฒใ‚‡ใ†ใ’ใ‚“

EnglishPoliteCasual
Listen to this.
Then what?
Really?
That's funny.
Actually...
I was surprised.

๐Ÿ”ค Three Verbs โ€” ใฉใ†ใ—

VerbPolitePlainใชใ„-formใฆ-form
to catch (G2)
to turn round (G1)
to be surprised (irregular ใ™ใ‚‹-verb)

๐Ÿงฐ Grammar Tools โ€” ใถใ‚“ใฝใ†

1. ใ€œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ: what was going on

Use ใฆ-form + ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ to set the scene: an action in progress in the past, or a state that lasted. "I was reading a book"; "I used to live in the countryside". It paints the background; the next event, in the plain past (ใ€œใพใ—ใŸ), breaks in.

Background (ใ€œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ)Event (ใ€œใพใ—ใŸ)

2. ใ€œใŸใ‚‰: when, upon doing

Make the plain past + ใ‚‰ to say "when / after / if": "when I turned round, it was a stranger". In stories it often introduces a surprise. Unlike ใ€œใจ (Japanese Basic Conversation 4 6), ใ€œใŸใ‚‰ can be followed by a request, a wish or an invitation: .

FormExampleMeaning
verb plain past + ใ‚‰When I opened it, a cat was there
ใ„-adj: ใ€œใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰If it's cheap, I'll buy it
noun / ใช-adj: ใ€œใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰If you are free, please come

3. Story connectors

ConnectorUseExample
"actually": introduces the real point
"at that moment": turning point
"but then": an unexpected twist
"and so": consequence, or "and then?"
"and then": what happened next
"finally"
Watch out: ใ€œใฆใ„ใŸ vs. ใ€œใŸ ใ‚ˆใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ is the situation ("was reading"), ใ‚ˆใฟใพใ—ใŸ is the whole event ("read"). If you only use the plain past, a story becomes a list of events; add ใ€œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ for the scene. A good story has both.

๐Ÿ“ฐ Reading โ€” ใ‚ˆใฟใ‚‚ใฎ

Read the text with kanji (readings in brackets). If it's too hard, open the kana-only version below it. Then answer the true/false questions.

ใพใ‚ˆใ„ใ”ใฎ ่ฉฑ(ใฏใชใ—)

Show the kana-only version

English: Last month I went hiking in the mountains with a friend. The weather was good, so we were walking happily. But while I was taking photos, my friend had disappeared. I called their name, but there was no answer. Just then I heard a faint voice nearby. When I went to look, my friend was asleep under a tree! They said, "I was tired so I was resting a little." I burst out laughing before I could get angry. Then my friend started laughing too, and we went down the mountain together.

Words: ใพใ‚ˆใ„ใ” lost person ยท ใธใ‚“ใ˜ reply ยท ใ‹ใ™ใ‹ใซ faintly ยท ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใ ใ—ใพใ™ burst out laughing ยท ใ€œใ‚ˆใ‚Š ใ•ใใซ before

1. They went hiking with a friend.

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True: ๅ‹้”ใจ ๅฑฑใธ ใƒใ‚คใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใซ.

2. The friend disappeared while the writer was taking photos.

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True: ๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ ใจใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅ‹้”ใŒ ใ„ใชใ ใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ.

3. The friend was lost and in trouble.

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False: the friend was simply resting under a tree.

4. The writer got angry.

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False: they laughed first (ใ‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆ ใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸ).

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary โ€” ใ”ใ„

20 key words for telling stories. This table is the only place with romaji: use the Say it column.

#JapaneseSay itEnglishType
1hanashistory, talknoun
2omoidememorynoun
3inakacountrysidenoun
4hitochigaimistaken identitynoun
5shiriaiacquaintancenoun
6otosoundnoun
7jitsu waactuallyphrase
8sono tokiat that momentphrase
9tokorogabut then, howeverphrase
10soredeand so, and thenphrase
11sล shitaraand then, whereuponphrase
12saigo nifinallyphrase
13bikkuri shimasube surprisedverb
14tsukamaemasucatchverb
15furimukimasuturn roundverb
16machigaemasumake a mistakeverb
17waraimasulaughverb
18norioku remasumiss (a train)verb
19kowaiscaryใ„-adj
20omoshiroifunny, interestingใ„-adj
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Being a Good Listener Japanese listeners keep a story going with short interjections (ใ‚ใ„ใฅใก): ใ†ใ‚“, ใˆใˆ, ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‹, ใธใˆ, ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉ. Silence can seem like boredom, so add them often. Learners who use ใใ‚Œใง? and ใธใˆ! at the right moments sound much more natural.
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Telling a Funny Story A good anecdote runs: setting (ใ€œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ) โ†’ turning point (ใใฎใจใ / ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒ) โ†’ surprise (ใ€œใŸใ‚‰) โ†’ ending (ใ•ใ„ใ”ใซ). Practise with a real memory from your week; short and simple beats long and clever.
Kanji Spotlight โ€” ๆ™‚ and ๅคœ ๆ™‚ (ji, toki, time, hour) is in ใใฎใจใ (ใใฎๆ™‚) and every clock time, and ๅคœ (yoru, ya, night) turns up in night-time stories like ใ‚†ใ†ใน (ๆ˜จๅคœ). Have a look: ๆ™‚ โ–ธ ยท ๅคœ โ–ธ

โœ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ€” ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†

Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.

1. Say "I was reading a book when the phone rang."

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2. Say "When I opened the door, it was my brother."

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3. Give a twist to: ใฆใ‚“ใใŒ ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ (beginning with "but then")

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(An example; any twist works.)

4. Why is ใ‚ใ—ใŸ ใฒใพใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† fine with ใ€œใŸใ‚‰ but not with ใ€œใจ?

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ใ€œใŸใ‚‰ can be followed by an invitation or request; ใ€œใจ cannot.

5. Ask the storyteller to continue.

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6. Tell, in three short sentences, a story from your week using ใ˜ใคใฏ, ใใฎใจใ and ใ•ใ„ใ”ใซ.

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Free answer. Example: