Eating Out

Japanese Basic Conversation 2

Chapter 7 ยท Eating Out: Restaurants, Dietary Needs & Complaints

๐Ÿœ Eating Out โ€” ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใง

Japan is a wonderful country in which to eat out, and a country in which a little Japanese goes a long way. This chapter takes you through a whole meal: being seated, ordering, explaining that you do not eat meat or that you have an allergy, politely raising a problem, and asking for the bill. It also gives you a first look at the te-form with ใ€œใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ ("please do ..."), the request pattern you will meet constantly in shops and restaurants. Each dialog has a Hard words note instead of a romaji line.

โ‘  Being Seated โ€” ใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ„ใพใ›

A: Welcome. How many people?
B: Two.
A: This way, please.
B: Excuse me, could we have the menu, please?
A: Here you are.
Hard words: ใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ„ใพใ› irasshaimase ยท ใชใ‚“ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใพ nan-mei-sama ยท ใ“ใกใ‚‰ kochira ยท ใƒกใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผ menyลซ

โ‘ก Ordering โ€” ใกใ‚…ใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚“

A: What would you like to order?
B: Ramen and gyoza, please.
A: The ramen comes in soy sauce or miso.
B: I'll have the soy sauce one.
A: And to drink?
B: Water, please.
A: Certainly.
Hard words: ใ”ใกใ‚…ใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚“ go-chลซmon ยท ใŽใ‚‡ใ†ใ– gyลza ยท ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚† shลyu ยท ใฟใ miso ยท ใŠใฎใฟใ‚‚ใฎ o-nomimono ยท ใ‹ใ—ใ“ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ kashikomarimashita

โ‘ข I'm a Vegetarian โ€” ใƒ™ใ‚ธใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใƒณ

A: I'm a vegetarian. I don't eat meat or fish.
B: I see. We have salad and vegetable tempura.
A: Is there any fish in this soup?
B: Yes, the stock has bonito in it.
A: Then I won't have the soup.
Hard words: ใƒ™ใ‚ธใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใƒณ bejitarian ยท ใ‚„ใ•ใ„ yasai ยท ใฆใ‚“ใทใ‚‰ tenpura ยท ใ—ใ‚‹ shiru ยท ใ ใ— dashi ยท ใ‹ใคใŠ katsuo ยท ใฏใ„ใฃใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ haitte imasu ("is contained")

โ‘ฃ An Allergy โ€” ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ

A: Excuse me. I have an allergy.
B: What are you allergic to?
A: Eggs. I can't eat eggs.
B: Understood. We won't put egg in.
A: No egg, please. Thank you.
Hard words: ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ arerugฤซ ยท ใŸใพใ” tamago ยท ใŸในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ taberaremasen ("cannot eat") ยท ใ„ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ iremasen ("won't put in") ยท ใ„ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ irimasen ("I don't need it")

โ‘ค A Problem, and the Bill โ€” ใŠใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†

A: Excuse me. My beer hasn't come yet.
B: I'm very sorry. I'll bring it right away.
A: Also, this is different from what I ordered.
B: Sorry about that. I'll change it right away.
A: And the bill, please.
B: Please pay at the till.
Hard words: ใพใ  ใใพใ›ใ‚“ mada kimasen ("hasn't come yet") ยท ใ‚‚ใ†ใ—ใ‚ใ‘ ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ mลshiwake gozaimasen ยท ใกใŒใ„ใพใ™ chigaimasu ("is different/wrong") ยท ใ—ใคใ‚Œใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ shitsurei shimashita ยท ใƒฌใ‚ธ reji

โ‘ฅ Between Friends (casual) โ€” ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใจ

A: What shall we eat?
B: Ramen!
A: Good. The ramen here is tasty.
B: Then I'll have that too.
Hard words: ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ oishii ("delicious") ยท ใ“ใ“ใฎ koko no ("of this place") ยท ใใ‚Œใซ ใ™ใ‚‹ sore ni suru ("I'll go for that")

๐Ÿ”‘ Key Phrases โ€” ใ ใ„ใ˜ใช ใฒใ‚‡ใ†ใ’ใ‚“

EnglishPolite (ใงใ™ / ใพใ™)Casual (friends)
Two people.
Futari desu.

Futari.
The menu, please.
Menyลซ o onegai shimasu.

Menyลซ chลdai.
What do you recommend?
Osusume wa nan desu ka.

Osusume wa?
I'll have this one.
Kore ni shimasu.

Kore ni suru.
I can't eat eggs.
Tamago ga taberaremasen.

Tamago ga taberarenai.
The bill, please.
Okanjล o onegai shimasu.

Okaikei!

๐Ÿ”ค Three Verbs โ€” ใฉใ†ใ—

Verbs for the restaurant. The plain form is for recognition for now.

VerbPolite (present)NegativePlain (dictionary)
to order; to ask for (ใŸใฎใ‚€)
tanomimasu

tanomimasen

tanomu
to need; to be required (ใ„ใ‚‹)
irimasu

irimasen

iru
to wait (ใพใค)
machimasu

machimasen

matsu

Careful: (to need) is written the same in kana as part of other verbs, but it is a different word from (to enter) and (to be). ใ„ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ means "I don't need it", and in a restaurant it is the polite way to say "no, thank you" to an extra.

๐Ÿงฐ Grammar Tools โ€” ใถใ‚“ใฝใ†

1. Ordering: ใ€œใ‚’ ใใ ใ•ใ„, ใ€œใซ ใ—ใพใ™, ใ€œใ‚’ ใŠใญใŒใ„ใ—ใพใ™

PatternUseExample
Thing + ใ‚’ + ใใ ใ•ใ„"Please give me ..."
Thing + ใ‚’ + ใŠใญใŒใ„ใ—ใพใ™"..., please" (politer, for a service)
Thing + ใซ ใ—ใพใ™"I'll have ..." (choosing among options)
Number + ใ‚’ ใใ ใ•ใ„count what you want

2. ใ€œใฏ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹: "do you have ...?"

To ask whether a restaurant has something: "Do you have vegetarian dishes?" The answer is ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ or ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.

3. A first look at ใ€œใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„: "please do ..."

The te-form of a verb, with ใใ ใ•ใ„, makes a polite request: "Please wait." "Please show me the menu." You will meet it again, properly, in Japanese Grammar 2; here you need only the verbs in this table.

Verb (ใพใ™-form)ใฆ-formRequest
Please eat.
Please look.
Please show me.
Please wait.
Please buy.
Please drink.
Please write.
Please do.
(come) Please come.
Watch out: ใใ ใ•ใ„ has two jobs ใ€œใ‚’ ใใ ใ•ใ„ asks for a thing ("please give me water": ใŠใฟใšใ‚’ ใใ ใ•ใ„). ใ€œใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ asks for an action ("please wait": ใพใฃใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„). Both are polite enough for a restaurant or shop, but they are direct requests. In a formal or business situation, soften with ใ€œใฆ ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ (a pattern you will meet later), or use ใŠใญใŒใ„ใ—ใพใ™.

4. Needs, allergies and what you cannot eat

MeaningJapanese
I have an allergy.
Arerugฤซ ga arimasu.
I can't eat ...
... ga taberaremasen.
I don't eat ... (by choice)
... wa tabemasen.
I'm a vegetarian.
Bejitarian desu.
I don't need ...
... wa irimasen.
Does it contain ...?
... wa haitte imasu ka.

Learn as a ready-made phrase: it is the polite negative of ใŸในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ ("can eat"), a form you will study properly later. And is likewise a ready-made phrase here; its pattern (ใ€œใฆใ„ใพใ™) is introduced in Chapter 10.

5. Complaints: a formula

Japanese complaints in a restaurant are best made softly. The formula is: ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ (to get attention) + the fact + ใŠใญใŒใ„ใ—ใพใ™ (the fix).

ProblemSay
Something hasn't arrived
Wrong dish
It's cold
You want it changed

6. Paying

Ask (or ) to get the bill, then often pay at the ใƒฌใ‚ธ (till) by the door rather than at the table. To split: "Separate bills, please." To pay together:

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary โ€” ใ”ใ„

20 key words for eating out.

#JapaneseRomajiEnglishType
1menyลซmenunoun
2osusumerecommendationnoun
3gyลzagyoza dumplingsnoun
4rฤmenramen noodlesnoun
5sakanafishnoun
6nikumeatnoun
7yasaivegetablesnoun
8tamagoeggnoun
9arerugฤซallergynoun
10bejitarianvegetariannoun
11okanjลthe billnoun
12chลซmonorder (at a restaurant)noun
13omizuwaternoun
14irimasuneed, be requiredverb
15taberaremasencannot eatverb
16kudasaiplease give me; please (do)phrase
17... ni shimasuI'll have / choose ...phrase
18chigaimasuis different; is wrongverb
19oishiideliciousi-adj.
20kashikomarimashitacertainly, understood (staff)phrase
Real Japanese Tip โ€” How Eating Out Works A few habits that surprise visitors: water and a damp hand towel (ใŠใ—ใผใ‚Š) arrive without being asked and cost nothing; there is no tipping; to call staff you say ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ and raise a hand (or press the call button on the table); and many ramen and set-meal shops use a ticket machine (ใ‘ใ‚“ใฐใ„ใ) at the door: you pay first, then hand the ticket to the staff. Pictures on the machine and on menus make ordering easy even without Japanese.
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Being a Vegetarian in Japan Vegetarian food is not always as easy to find as you might hope. ใ ใ— (fish stock made from bonito, ใ‹ใคใŠ) is in miso soup, noodle broth and many other dishes that look vegetable-only. This is why the question is so useful. Many temple restaurants serve ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ˜ใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Š (strictly vegetarian Buddhist cooking). Say clearly what you don't eat: ใซใใจ ใ•ใ‹ใชใฏ ใŸในใพใ›ใ‚“.
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Allergies Packaged food in Japan carries allergen labels, and the main allergens (including egg, milk, wheat, shrimp, crab, buckwheat and peanuts) must be shown. Restaurants, however, are less consistent. If your allergy is serious, say so before you order, name the allergen clearly (ใŸใพใ”, ใŽใ‚…ใ†ใซใ‚…ใ†, ใ“ใ‚€ใŽ, ใˆใณ, ใใฐ, ใƒ”ใƒผใƒŠใƒƒใƒ„) and ask staff to confirm: ใŸใพใ”ใฏ ใฏใ„ใฃใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ Carrying the allergen name written in Japanese on a card helps.
Kanji Spotlight โ€” ้ญš ่‚‰ ้ฃฒ ้ญš (sakana, gyo) is fish, and ่‚‰ (niku) is meat: a menu divides into ้ญšๆ–™็† (fish dishes) and ่‚‰ๆ–™็† (meat dishes). ้ฃฒ (nomu, in) is drink: ้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉ (nomimono) is "drinks". Have a look: ้ญš โ–ธ ยท ่‚‰ โ–ธ ยท ้ฃฒ โ–ธ

โœ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ€” ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†

Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.

1. You are a group of three. Tell the host.

Show answer

2. Order two beers and some gyoza.

Show answer

3. Say "I'm a vegetarian. I don't eat meat."

Show answer

4. Say "I have an allergy. I can't eat eggs."

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5. Make a request: "Please wait."

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(ใพใกใพใ™ โ†’ ใพใฃใฆ)

6. Politely ask for the bill.

Show answer

Coming Up in Chapter 8 At the doctor and the pharmacy: ใ‚ใŸใพ, ใŠใชใ‹, ใ›ใชใ‹, ใญใค, ใ›ใ, ใใ™ใ‚Š, ใ€œใŒ ใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™, ใ€œใฆใ‚‚ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ ("may I ...?") and ใ€œใชใ„ใง ใใ ใ•ใ„ ("please don't ...").