Exercise 2: Re-Measuring at N=1000 — Possible Solution ==================================================================== RESULTS ------------------------------ REAL (file I/O + fsync), N=1000: 1305.64ms total -> 1305.64 microseconds/call FAKE (in-memory list), N=1000: 1.10ms total -> 1.10 microseconds/call Ratio: 1,185x Compared to the chapter's own N=200 measurement (443x, 1387.04 vs. 3.13 microseconds/call), the per-call costs at N=1000 are similar in absolute terms (real: ~1306 vs. ~1387 microseconds/call; fake: ~1.1 vs. ~3.1 microseconds/call), and the ratio - 1,185x here versus 443x in the chapter - stays within the same broad order of magnitude (hundreds to low thousands), even though the exact number moved. WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER ------------------------------ The exact ratio isn't a fixed constant - it depends on real-world factors like disk cache state and OS scheduling noise, which is exactly why the chapter frames this as "the same order of magnitude," not an exact reproducible number. What stays consistent across both runs is the underlying claim: real file I/O with a forced fsync is consistently two-to-three orders of magnitude slower per call than an in-memory operation, regardless of the specific sample size used to measure it.