Exercise 1: Django's Field Lookups vs. SQLAlchemy's Operator Overloading — Possible Solution
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DJANGO'S SYNTAX
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Django expresses "expiry_date less than or equal to threshold" using a double-underscore suffix on the field name inside a keyword argument: expiry_date__lte=threshold, passed into .filter(). The __lte suffix maps directly to the SQL <= comparison.

THE SQLALCHEMY EQUIVALENT
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SQLAlchemy takes a different syntactic approach entirely, using Python's own operator overloading: the identical comparison would be written as Item.expiry_date <= threshold, using the actual <= operator directly against the model's column attribute, rather than encoding the comparison into a keyword argument name.

WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER
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It correctly demonstrates Django's own double-underscore field-lookup convention (expiry_date__lte=threshold) and correctly shows the equivalent SQLAlchemy expression using direct operator overloading (Item.expiry_date <= threshold), illustrating that both ORMs solve the same problem with genuinely different syntactic styles.