Challenge 1: Render a List With Blade — Possible Solution
====================================================================

<!-- resources/views/books/index.blade.php -->

<h1>All Books</h1>

@if ($books->isEmpty())
  <p>No books in the catalog yet.</p>
@else
  <ul>
  @foreach ($books as $book)
    <li>{{ $loop->iteration }}. {{ $book->title }}</li>
  @endforeach
  </ul>
@endif

<!-- corresponding controller method, for context -->
<!-- app/Http/Controllers/BookController.php -->

use App\Models\Book;

public function index()
{
    return view('books.index', ['books' => Book::all()]);
}

WHY THIS WORKS
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- @if ($books->isEmpty()) checks Laravel's Collection isEmpty() method —
  Book::all() returns an Eloquent Collection, not a plain array, so this
  works the same way regardless of whether zero, one, or a thousand books
  exist.
- $loop->iteration gives a 1-indexed count automatically inside the
  @foreach, without the controller needing to pass any separate counter
  variable into the view — directly analogous to Django's
  forloop.counter from the equivalent DTL example.
- @else / @endif and @foreach / @endforeach must each be closed with
  their matching end-directive — Blade compiles these down to real PHP
  control structures, and a missing @endif or @endforeach produces a
  genuine PHP parse error when the view is rendered, not a silently
  broken page.