Eggs, Grains & Starches

Basic Cookery

Chapter 6 · Eggs, Grains & Starches

Eggs, rice, pasta, and batter show up constantly, across an enormous range of dishes, which makes them some of the highest-value techniques in this whole course. This is also the first chapter with real, complete dishes to cook — scrambled eggs, American-style pancakes, and French crêpes — rather than isolated technique practice.

Eggs, Several Honest Ways

Eggs are simple ingredients that reward real technique more than almost anything else in a beginner's kitchen — the difference between a mediocre egg and a genuinely good one is almost entirely about heat control and timing, not ingredients.

MethodWhat matters most
Scrambled Low, gentle heat and constant movement — the full technique is this chapter's own first Kitchen Practice below.
Fried Medium heat, a little fat; "sunny side up" is never flipped, "over easy" is flipped briefly for a still-runny yolk, "over hard" is cooked through.
Boiled Start from already-boiling water, not cold — roughly 6-7 minutes for soft, 9 for medium, 11-12 for hard. An ice bath immediately after stops the cooking and makes peeling easier.
Poached A gentle simmer (Chapter 4), a small splash of vinegar in the water to help the white set faster and hold together.
Eggs keep cooking after you take them off the heat Residual heat (Chapter 4's own point about carryover cooking) applies strongly to eggs, which cook fast and can go from perfect to overdone in seconds. Pull scrambled eggs off the heat while they still look slightly underdone and glossy — they finish in the pan's own retained heat on the way to the plate.

Rice, Pasta & Potatoes

Rice

For most long-grain white rice, rinse it first under cold water until the water runs mostly clear — this removes surface starch that would otherwise make the rice gummy. A common starting ratio is roughly 1 part rice to 2 parts water. Bring to a boil, then reduce to a gentle simmer (Chapter 4), cover, and resist lifting the lid — you're trapping steam deliberately. Once the water's absorbed, rest it off the heat, covered, for a few minutes before fluffing with a fork.

Pasta

Cook pasta at a real, rolling boil (Chapter 4) in generously salted water — this is one of your only chances to season the pasta itself, not just the sauce around it. Aim for al dente — cooked through but with a slight, deliberate firmness to the bite, not fully soft. Before draining, reserve a small cup of the starchy cooking water — it's genuinely useful for loosening and binding a sauce afterward.

Potatoes

For mashing, start potatoes in cold water and bring them up to a boil together — starting from already-hot water cooks the outside faster than the inside, leaving an uneven result. For roasting, Chapter 4's own dry-heat principles apply directly: a hot oven, a single layer, and real time for genuine browning.

The Batter Technique — Pancakes & Crêpes

American-style pancakes and French crêpes come from the same basic idea — a flour, egg, and milk batter, cooked on a hot surface — but the details diverge sharply, and understanding why makes both easier to get right.

American-style pancakes
  • Thick batter, similar to a loose paste
  • Leavened with baking powder — genuinely fluffy and risen
  • Cooked in distinct rounds, one ladle at a time
  • Slightly undermixed batter, a few lumps left in it, is correct
French crêpes
  • Thin, pourable batter, closer to heavy cream
  • No leavening at all — thin and pliable is the whole point
  • Spread thin across the whole pan by swirling, not scooped into a round
  • Batter rested 30+ minutes for a more tender, less tearable result
Don't overmix either batter Stirring flour into a wet batter develops gluten — a little of this gives structure, but overmixing makes pancakes noticeably tough and tight rather than tender. Mix only until the dry streaks disappear; a few small lumps left in a pancake batter are genuinely fine.

The full recipes and technique for both are in this chapter's own Kitchen Practice below — including the concrete visual cues for exactly when to flip each one.

Kitchen Practice

Kitchen Practice 1
Scrambled eggs, done properly. Cook a genuinely good batch of scrambled eggs using low, gentle heat and constant movement — pulled off the heat while still slightly underdone, using carryover heat to finish.
→ Solution
Kitchen Practice 2
American-style pancakes. Mix a leavened batter without overworking it, and learn the real visual cue for exactly when to flip — bubbles forming and popping across the surface, edges looking set rather than wet.
→ Solution
Kitchen Practice 3
French crêpes. Make a thin, rested batter and practice the swirl technique for an even, paper-thin crêpe — a genuinely different pan skill from anything else in this course so far.
→ Solution

Quick Reference — Eggs, Grains & Starches

  • Scrambled eggs: low heat, constant movement, off the heat while still slightly wet
  • Rice: rinse first, roughly 1:2 rice to water, simmer covered, don't lift the lid
  • Pasta: boil in generously salted water, aim for al dente, save some pasta water
  • Pancakes: thick, leavened batter, slightly undermixed, flip once bubbles cover the surface
  • Crêpes: thin, unleavened batter, rested 30+ minutes, spread by swirling the pan
Next — Chapter 7: Cooking Proteins — Meat, Poultry & Fish
Doneness and how to check it, resting, basic marinades — plus Thai beef salad, putting this chapter's own flavour-balance work (Chapter 5) to real use.