Exercise 1: Overriding a Presidential Veto — Possible Solution
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The chapter's own account of the veto power gives Congress exactly one
real path back into law once a bill has been vetoed, and it requires
clearing the same kind of supermajority threshold Chapter 1's own
Article V material already introduced.

STEP ONE — THE VETO ITSELF
Once Congress passes a bill and sends it to the President, the
President can decline to sign it and instead return it to Congress
with objections - a veto. At this point the bill does not become law
unless Congress takes further action.

STEP TWO — THE OVERRIDE VOTE
To override the veto and make the bill law anyway, both chambers of
Congress have to independently pass the exact same bill again, each by
a two-thirds vote:

  - House of Representatives: with 435 voting members, two-thirds
    means at least 290 representatives voting to override.
  - Senate: with 100 members, two-thirds means at least 67 senators
    voting to override.

Both votes have to succeed separately - a two-thirds House vote alone
does not override a veto if the Senate vote falls short, and vice
versa. If both chambers clear their own two-thirds threshold, the bill
becomes law despite the President's veto, with no further presidential
signature required.

WHY THIS IS DELIBERATELY HARD
This is the same real design pattern the chapter names directly: a
simple majority got the bill passed the first time, but overriding a
presidential veto needs a supermajority in both chambers - "usually
very difficult to achieve," per the real historical record, precisely
because a bill controversial enough to be vetoed in the first place is
rarely also popular enough to command two-thirds support in both
chambers of Congress at once.

ANSWER: To override a presidential veto, Congress must pass the exact
same bill a second time, with at least 290 of 435 House votes and at
least 67 of 100 Senate votes - a two-thirds supermajority in both
chambers independently - after which the bill becomes law without
needing the President's signature at all.

WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER
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It walks through both required stages (the initial veto, then the
two independent two-thirds override votes) with the real current
sizes of Congress converted into concrete vote counts, matching the
same style of answer Chapter 1's own Article V exercise already
established for this course.