MUSIC THEORY FUNDAMENTALS - Chapter 7, Exercise 2 Solution
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Identifying the Subdominant

PROBLEM
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Using this chapter's own scale-degree-name table, name the scale degree
traditionally called the "subdominant," and state which Roman numeral
and triad quality it takes in a major key.

SOLUTION
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Scanning the chapter's own scale-degree-name table for "Subdominant":

    Degree 4 - Subdominant - "the lower dominant" - a fifth below the
    tonic - Roman numeral IV

The chapter's own I-ii-iii-IV-V-vi-vii° pattern lists the 4th degree
(IV) with an uppercase Roman numeral, meaning it is a MAJOR triad.

ANSWER: The subdominant is scale degree 4, notated as the Roman numeral
IV, and it is a major triad in a major key.

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WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER

This is a direct lookup against the chapter's own real table linking
degree number, traditional name, real meaning, and Roman numeral. The
subdominant's own real name reflects its position - a perfect fifth
BELOW the tonic - mirroring the dominant's own position a perfect fifth
ABOVE the tonic, exactly as the chapter's own etymology column explains.