MUSIC THEORY FUNDAMENTALS - Chapter 6, Exercise 2 Solution
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Reading a 4/4 Time Signature

PROBLEM
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A time signature has a bottom number of 4 and a top number of 4. State
what each number means, using this chapter's own real definitions.

SOLUTION
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Per this chapter's own real definitions:

The BOTTOM number names which note value counts as one beat. A bottom
number of 4 means the QUARTER NOTE gets the beat.

The TOP number says how many of those beats make up one measure. A top
number of 4 means there are 4 beats per measure.

ANSWER: In 4/4 time, the bottom 4 means a quarter note equals one beat,
and the top 4 means there are four such beats in every measure.

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WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER

This is a direct application of the chapter's own two-part definition of
time-signature notation. 4/4 is also real-world significant as the most
common time signature in Western music generally, and is the meter
represented by the common time symbol the chapter also covered - both
numbers being 4 is what makes it "simple quadruple" per the chapter's
own compare-table (4 beats per measure, each dividing into 2).