Exercise 2: Tracing DFS From Vertex 1, Compared to BFS — Possible Solution ==================================================================== GIVEN ------------------------------ 1 connects to 2, 3 (visit 2 before 3) 2 connects to 4 3 connects to 5, 6 (visit 5 before 6) STEP-BY-STEP DFS TRACE ------------------------------ Visit 1. order = [1] First unvisited neighbor of 1: 2. Dive in. Visit 2. order = [1,2] First unvisited neighbor of 2: 4. Dive in. Visit 4. order = [1,2,4] 4's only neighbor (2) is already visited - backtrack to 2. 2 has no more unvisited neighbors - backtrack to 1. Next unvisited neighbor of 1: 3. Dive in. Visit 3. order = [1,2,4,3] First unvisited neighbor of 3: 5. Dive in. Visit 5. order = [1,2,4,3,5] 5's only neighbor (3) is already visited - backtrack to 3. Next unvisited neighbor of 3: 6. Dive in. Visit 6. order = [1,2,4,3,5,6] 6's only neighbor (3) is already visited - backtrack to 3, then 1. No more unvisited vertices - traversal complete. FINAL DFS ORDER ------------------------------ 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6 COMPARING TO EXERCISE 1's BFS ORDER ------------------------------ BFS order: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 DFS order: 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6 The two orders diverge starting at the third position: BFS visits 3 (vertex 1's second neighbor) before touching vertex 4, since BFS finishes all of level 1 before moving to level 2. DFS instead fully commits to exploring vertex 2's entire branch (reaching 4) before ever backtracking to try vertex 1's other neighbor, 3 - exactly this chapter's own "dive fully before backtracking" behavior. WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER ------------------------------ The trace follows this chapter's own stack/recursion-based DFS method, explicitly showing each dive-and-backtrack step, and the final order is compared directly against Exercise 1's BFS result to pinpoint exactly where and why the two traversals diverge.