Exercise 2: What Happens to the Display Manager on systemctl isolate multi-user.target — Possible Solution ==================================================================== Answer: the display manager stops. Explanation: Per the chapter's own description of systemctl isolate, running it "stops everything NOT required by [the target being isolated to] -- the display manager included." The display manager is specifically part of what graphical.target itself requires/wants (it's the component that makes graphical.target a superset of multi-user.target in the first place, per this chapter's own description of that relationship), but it is NOT something multi-user.target itself requires or wants -- multi-user.target's whole definition, per the chapter's own compare-table, is "full multi-user, no GUI." When systemctl isolate multi-user.target runs, systemd determines what multi-user.target actually needs, and stops anything currently running that ISN'T part of that set -- since the display manager falls into exactly that category (needed by graphical.target, not needed by multi-user.target), it gets stopped as part of this isolate operation. This is precisely the mechanism the chapter names as making isolate a genuine "live runlevel-style switch" -- comparable to what telinit 3 used to accomplish under System V init, but here driven by an actual dependency-resolution operation (per this chapter's own comparison) rather than a legacy numbered switch. WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER ------------------------------ This states the direct answer (the display manager stops) and explains the mechanism by connecting the display manager's own membership in graphical.target's own dependency set (but not multi-user.target's) to the chapter's own description of what isolate actually does -- stopping anything not required by the target being isolated to.