conlangs1-2  Exercise 1: A Priori or A Posteriori?
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  (a) The toy scheme (baka, baki)   A priori. The words are made up from a
                                    category tree; nothing is borrowed.
  (b) Esperanto hundo "dog"         A posteriori. The root is borrowed from
                                    existing languages (compare German Hund).
  (c) Solresol note-words           A priori. The words come from a system
                                    (the seven notes), not from other languages.
  (d) Klingon Hol "language"        A priori in the sense that it is not
                                    borrowed from a natural language: Okrand
                                    built the vocabulary for the fictional
                                    people, not from existing roots.

Rule of thumb: ask where the roots came from. Made up from a system = a priori.
Taken from existing languages = a posteriori. Many languages mix the two.