Health & Fitness
Japanese Basic Conversation 4
Chapter 1 ยท Health & Fitness: Sport, Diet & Healthy Living
๐ Health & Fitness โ ใใใใใจ ใใใฉใ
Welcome to Course 4. From here on the conversations are longer and more independent, and there is no romaji except in the vocabulary table: if a word is new, find it in the table and use the Say it column. This chapter is about sport, diet and looking after yourself. The grammar: ใใชใใ ("while doing"), ใใใใซ ("in order to") and ใใใใ ("too much"). Each dialog is followed by a short Words note with English meanings.
โ Joining a Gym โ ใธใ ใซ ใซใ ใใใ
โก The Health Check โ ใใใใใใใ ใ
โข Going on a Diet โ ใใคใจใใ
โฃ Running โ ใธใงใฎใณใฐ
โค Japanese Food โ ใใใใ
โฅ Between Friends (casual) โ ใจใใ ใกใจ
๐ Key Phrases โ ใ ใใใช ใฒใใใใ
| English | Polite (ใงใ / ใพใ) | Casual (friends) |
|---|---|---|
| I listen to music while running. | ใใใใใ ใใใชใใ ใฏใใใพใใ | ใใใใ ใใใชใใ ใฏใใใ |
| I'm running for my health. | ใใใใใฎ ใใใซ ใฏใใฃใฆ ใใพใใ | ใใใใใฎ ใใใซ ใฏใใฃใฆใใ |
| I ate too much. | ใในใใใพใใใ | ใในใใใใ |
| Don't push yourself. | ใใใ ใใชใใง ใใ ใใใ | ใใ ใใชใใงใ |
| I want to lose weight. | ใใใใใงใใ | ใใใใใ |
| Do you exercise? | ใใใฉใใใฆ ใใพใใใ | ใใใฉใ ใใฆใ? |
๐ค Three Verbs โ ใฉใใ
| Verb | Polite | Plain | ใชใ-form | ใฆ-form |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| to run (G1) | ใฏใใใพใ | ใฏใใ | ใฏใใใชใ | ใฏใใฃใฆ |
| to lose weight (G2) | ใใใพใ | ใใใ | ใใใชใ | ใใใฆ |
| to train, build up (G2) | ใใใใพใ | ใใใใ | ใใใใชใ | ใใใใฆ |
๐งฐ Grammar Tools โ ใถใใฝใ
1. ใใชใใ: "while doing..."
To say that one person does two things at the same time, take the ใพใ-stem of the verb (the form before ใพใ) and add ใชใใ. The last verb is the main action: ใใใใใ ใใใชใใ ใฏใใใพใใ "I run while listening to music."
| Verb | ใพใ-stem | + ใชใใ |
|---|---|---|
| ใใใพใ | ใใ | ใใใชใใ |
| ใในใพใ | ใใน | ใในใชใใ |
| ใใใใพใ | ใใใ | ใใใใชใใ |
| ใใพใ | ใ | ใใชใใ |
| ใใพใ (come) | ใ | ใใชใใ |
Examples: ใใฌใใ ใฟใชใใ ใใฏใใ ใในใพใใ "I eat while watching TV." ใใใใชใใ ในใใใ ใฟใชใใง ใใ ใใใ "Please don't look at your phone while walking." Both actions must be done by the same person and last for a while. For two actions in order, use the ใฆ-form instead (Japanese Basic Conversation 3 3).
2. ใใใใซ: "in order to"
To state a purpose, put the plain present verb or a noun + ใฎ before ใใใซ: ใใฉใฝใณใซ ใงใ ใใใซใใใใใ ใใใฆ ใใพใใ "I'm practising in order to run in a marathon." ใใใใใฎ ใใใซใใใฐใใ ใใใพใใใ "I gave up smoking for the sake of my health."
| Pattern | Example |
|---|---|
| plain present verb + ใใใซ | ใซใปใใง ใฏใใใ ใใใซใใซใปใใใ ในใใใใใใพใใ |
| noun + ใฎ + ใใใซ | ใใใใฎ ใใใซใใฏใใใใพใใ |
| "so that (not)": a different pattern | For purposes you do not fully control, or negative ones, Japanese Basic Conversation 4 5 teaches ใใใใซ. |
ใใใซ is used when the same person does both things and the first is something you choose to do. Chapter 5 adds ใใใใซ for purposes that are not fully in your control.
3. ใใใใ: "too much"
You used ใใใพใ with adjectives in Japanese Basic Conversation 3 1 (ใใใใใใพใ). With a verb, add it to the ใพใ-stem: ใในใใใ "eat too much", ใฎใฟใใใ "drink too much", ใฏใใใใใใ "work too much".
| Meaning | Japanese |
|---|---|
| I ate too much. | ใในใใใพใใใ |
| Don't drink too much. | ใฎใฟใใใชใใง ใใ ใใใ |
| It's too sweet. (i-adj.) | ใใพใใใพใใ |
| It's too quiet. (na-adj.) | ใใใใใใพใใ |
| You work too hard. | ใฏใใใใใใงใใ (noun: ใพใ-stem + ใใ) |
4. Body and exercise words
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| ใใใฉใ / ในใใฌใใ / ใธใงใฎใณใฐ | exercise / stretching / jogging |
| ใใใใ ใ / ใใใ | weight / body |
| ใตใจใ / ใใใ | to put on weight / to lose weight |
| ใใใใใใใ ใ | health check-up |
| ใใใฉใใถใใ | lack of exercise |
๐ฐ Reading โ ใใฟใใฎ
Read the text with kanji (readings in brackets). If it's too hard, open the kana-only version below it. Then answer the true/false questions.
ใใใใฎ ใใใใ
็ง(ใใใ)ใฏ ๅปๅนด(ใใใญใ)ใพใงใใใพใ ้ๅ(ใใใฉใ)ใ ใใพใใใงใใใIT(ใขใคใใฃใผ)ใฎ ไปไบ(ใใใจ)ใงใไธๆฅ(ใใกใซใก)ใใ ใ ใใใซ ใใใฃใฆ ใใพใใใๆผ(ใฒใ)ใใฏใใ ใใฝใณใณใ ่ฆ(ใฟ)ใชใใ ้ฃ(ใ)ในใฆ ใใพใใใใใๆฅ(ใฒ)ใไผ็คพ(ใใใใ)ใฎ ๅฅๅบท่จบๆญ(ใใใใใใใ ใ)ใงใใๅป่ (ใใใ)ใใใ ใใใฃใจ ้ๅ(ใใใฉใ)ใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใใใจ ่จ(ใ)ใใพใใใใใใงใๅฅๅบท(ใใใใ)ใฎ ใใใซ ใธใ ใซ ๅ ฅ(ใฏใ)ใใพใใใใฏใใใฏ ใใใธใใงใใใใคใใใฆใใใ ใใใใ ใชใใพใใใใงใใ้ณๆฅฝ(ใใใใ)ใ ่(ใ)ใใชใใ ่ตฐ(ใฏใ)ใใจใใใฎใใ ใชใใพใใใใใพใฏ ้ฑ(ใใ ใ)ใซ 3ๅ(ใใ)ใใธใ ใซ ่ก(ใ)ใฃใฆ ใใพใใ้ฃ(ใ)ในใใใชใ ใปใใ ใใใจ ๆ(ใใ)ใฃใฆใๅค(ใใ)ใฏ ใใใใ ใ ้ฃในใพใใไฝ(ใใใ )ใ ใใใ ใชใใพใใใใใจใใฏ ใใฉใฝใณใซ ๅบ(ใง)ใ ใคใใใงใใ
Show the kana-only version
ใใใใฏ ใใใญใใพใงใใใพใ ใใใฉใใ ใใพใใใงใใใITใฎ ใใใจใงใใใกใซใกใใ ใ ใใใซ ใใใฃใฆ ใใพใใใใฒใใใฏใใ ใใฝใณใณใ ใฟใชใใ ใในใฆ ใใพใใใใใใฒใใใใใใฎ ใใใใใใใ ใใงใใใใใใใใ ใใใฃใจ ใใใฉใใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใใใจ ใใใพใใใใใใงใใใใใใฎ ใใใซ ใธใ ใซ ใฏใใใพใใใใฏใใใฏ ใใใธใใงใใใใคใใใฆใใใ ใใใใ ใชใใพใใใใงใใใใใใใ ใใใชใใ ใฏใใใจใใใฎใใ ใชใใพใใใใใพใฏ ใใ ใใซ ใใใใใใธใ ใซ ใใฃใฆ ใใพใใใในใใใชใ ใปใใ ใใใจ ใใใฃใฆใใใใฏ ใใใใ ใ ใในใพใใใใใ ใ ใใใ ใชใใพใใใใใจใใฏ ใใฉใฝใณใซ ใงใ ใคใใใงใใ
English: Until last year I hardly exercised. My IT job meant sitting on a chair all day, and I even ate lunch while looking at my computer. One day, at the company health check, the doctor said "You should exercise more." So for my health I joined a gym. At first it was hard; I got tired and wanted to quit. But when I ran listening to music it became fun. Now I go to the gym three times a week. Thinking it was better not to eat too much, I eat only a little in the evening. My body has become lighter. This year I plan to take part in a marathon.
Words: ใใกใซใกใใ ใ all day ยท ใใใธใ hard, tough ยท ใใใ light ยท ใใ ใใซ 3ใใ three times a week
1. The writer exercised a lot until last year.
Show answer
False: ใใพใ ใใใฉใใ ใใพใใใงใใ.
2. The doctor told the writer to exercise more.
Show answer
True: ใใฃใจ ใใใฉใใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ.
3. The writer found running with music fun.
Show answer
True: ใใใใใ ใใใชใใ ใฏใใใจใใใฎใใ ใชใใพใใ.
4. The writer goes to the gym every day.
Show answer
False: three times a week (ใใ ใใซ 3ใใ).
๐ Vocabulary โ ใใ
20 key words for health and fitness. This table is the only place with romaji: use the Say it column.
| # | Japanese | Say it | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ใใใฉใ (้ๅ) | undล | exercise | noun |
| 2 | ใธใ | jimu | gym | noun |
| 3 | ใจใฌ | yoga | yoga | noun |
| 4 | ใใคใจใใ | daietto | diet | noun |
| 5 | ใใใใ (ๅฅๅบท) | kenkล | health | noun |
| 6 | ใใใ (ไฝ) | karada | body | noun |
| 7 | ใใใใ ใ (ไฝ้) | taijลซ | body weight | noun |
| 8 | ใใใใใใใ ใ (ๅฅๅบท่จบๆญ) | kenkล shindan | health check-up | noun |
| 9 | ในใใฌใใ | sutorecchi | stretching | noun |
| 10 | ใธใงใฎใณใฐ | jogingu | jogging | noun |
| 11 | ใใฉใฝใณ | marason | marathon | noun |
| 12 | ใใใใ (ๅ้ฃ) | washoku | Japanese food | noun |
| 13 | ใใใ (้่) | yasai | vegetables | noun |
| 14 | ใใใช (้ญ) | sakana | fish | noun |
| 15 | ใซใ (่) | niku | meat | noun |
| 16 | ใฏใใใพใ (่ตฐใใพใ) | hashirimasu | run | verb |
| 17 | ใใใพใ (็ฉใใพใ) | yasemasu | lose weight | verb |
| 18 | ใตใจใใพใ (ๅคชใใพใ) | futorimasu | put on weight | verb |
| 19 | ใใใใพใ (้ใใพใ) | kitaemasu | train, build up | verb |
| 20 | ใคใฅใใพใ (็ถใใพใ) | tsuzukemasu | continue | verb |
โ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ ใใใใ ใ
Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.
1. Say "I listen to music while running."
Show answer
ใใใใใ ใใใชใใ ใฏใใใพใใ
2. Say "I joined the gym for my health."
Show answer
ใใใใใฎ ใใใซใใธใ ใซ ใฏใใใพใใใ
3. Say "I'm practising in order to run in the marathon."
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ใใฉใฝใณใซ ใงใ ใใใซใใใใใ ใใใฆ ใใพใใ
4. Say "I ate too much, so I'd better not eat tonight."
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ใในใใใพใใใใใใใใฐใใฏ ใในใชใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ
5. Tell a friend "Please don't look at your phone while walking."
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ใใใใชใใ ในใใใ ใฟใชใใง ใใ ใใใ
6. Ask a friend casually "Want to go to the gym together?"
Show answer
ใใฃใใใซ ใธใ ใใใชใ?