CHALLENGE 3: A Health Countdown With while and if/elif/else
====================================================================

TASK
----
Write a script that starts a player at 100 health and, using a
while loop, subtracts 15 health per iteration. Inside the loop, use
if/elif/else to print "Critical!", "Hurt", or "Healthy" depending on
the current health, and stop the loop once health reaches 0 or
below.

SOLUTION CODE
-------------
extends Node2D

func _ready() -> void:
    var health: int = 100

    while health > 0:
        if health <= 20:
            print(str(health) + " HP - Critical!")
        elif health <= 60:
            print(str(health) + " HP - Hurt")
        else:
            print(str(health) + " HP - Healthy")

        health -= 15

OUTPUT
------
100 HP - Healthy
85 HP - Healthy
70 HP - Healthy
55 HP - Hurt
40 HP - Hurt
25 HP - Hurt
10 HP - Critical!

WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER
----------------------------
while health > 0 is the loop's own stopping condition - the moment
health drops to 0 or below, the while condition becomes false and
the loop ends on its own, which is exactly what "stop the loop once
health reaches 0 or below" is asking for. No separate break
statement is needed because the condition itself already expresses
that rule.

The if/elif/else chain is checked fresh on every iteration, using
whatever health currently is at that point - health <= 20 is
checked first (the most specific, narrowest case), falling through
to health <= 60 only if the first check fails, and finally to else
for anything higher. Ordering the checks from most specific to least
specific is what makes a chain like this behave correctly - checking
health <= 60 first would incorrectly also catch every "Critical!"
case, since 20 is also less than or equal to 60.

health -= 15 at the end of the loop body is what actually makes
progress happen - without it, health would never change and the
loop would run forever.