Exercise 2 - 1241 and Castle Hill (sample answer) After the Mongol invasion of 1241-42 the crown encouraged stone castles and fortified towns, since earlier wooden and earthwork forts had not protected the country. The fortified town on Castle Hill in Buda belongs to this period. Today a visitor sees a mixture: medieval foundations and halls, Baroque rebuilding, a 19th-century palace and post-1945 repairs, not one medieval castle (check details in Chapters 4, 6 and 8).