Challenge 3: Intersect vs. Exclude on the Same Two Overlapping Circles — Solution Walkthrough

The answer:

Per this chapter's own material, Intersect keeps only the area where
all the selected shapes overlap, discarding everything else. Applied
to two overlapping circles, this produces only the lens-shaped sliver
where both circles cover the same space — nothing from either circle
outside that shared overlap survives.

Exclude does the opposite:

Exclude keeps everything except the overlapping area, effectively
punching a hole wherever the shapes cover each other. Applied to the
same two overlapping circles, this produces two separate crescent-like
shapes — each circle with the shared overlap removed from it — which
is the exact inverse of what Intersect keeps.

Why these two operations are true opposites of each other:

Between them, Intersect and Exclude account for the entire combined
area of the two circles with no double-counting: Intersect keeps
exactly the overlap, and Exclude keeps exactly everything that isn't
the overlap. Applying both separately to the same two circles and
combining the results would reconstruct the full combined shape a
Union operation would have produced directly.

WHY THIS WORKS AS AN ANSWER
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This exercise checks that Intersect and Exclude are correctly
understood as producing exactly opposite results — the shared overlap
alone versus everything except that shared overlap — on the same input
shapes.