website/japan/language/homework/lesson20.js

import { addBanner, addArticle, addTitle, addHeader, addParagraph, addSubHeader, addSmallHeader } from '/scripts/article.js';
import { addInset, addInsetList, addInsetCodeListing, addInsetBulletList } from '/scripts/inset.js';
import { addImageWithCaption, addButtonGroup } from '/scripts/visuals.js';
import { addSidebar} from '/scripts/sidebar.js'
import { addSyntax } from '/scripts/code.js';
import { addVocab } from '/scripts/japanese.js';
import { romajiToHiragana, insertHiragana } from '/scripts/japanese_conversion.js';

const heading = document.querySelector(".heading");
const global = document.querySelector(".global_menu");
const local = document.querySelector(".local_menu");
const sidebar = document.querySelector(".sidebar");
const main = document.querySelector(".main_content");

heading.append(addTitle("Japanese Language"));
heading.append(addParagraph("Philip Osztromok"));

main.append(addHeader("WEEK 20 - 26th July 2024"));
main.append(addSubHeader("The て Form"))
main.append(addParagraph("The て from is an extension of the mas form and the way it is used is very similar - it is also preceded by the i sound which replaces the last syllable of the verbs basic form so for example if you have a godan verb such as"));
main.append(addSyntax("きく"));
main.append(addParagraph("which means to listen, using the て form like this"));
main.append(addSyntax("きいて"));
main.append(addParagraph("means listen or I listed, you listen and so on."));
main.append(addParagraph("As you know, the verb in a Japanese normally comes at the end of a sentence and the て form is used when it doesn't.  There are at least a couple of reasons why a verb might not be at the end of the sentence.  The most obvious is where there is more than one verb in the sentence.  Another reason is that there may be another word that also comes at the end of the sentence as for example"));
main.append(addSyntax("ください"));
main.append(addParagraph("Take the verb to do which is"));
main.append(addSyntax("する"));
main.append(addParagraph("This is one of the irregular forms and it's normal in this case to replace す with し when conjugating the verb.  So the て form is"));
main.append(addSyntax("して"));
main.append(addParagraph("If we want to say"));
main.append(addSyntax("Please do!"));
main.append(addParagraph("This gives us"));
main.append(addSyntax("してください"));
main.append(addParagraph("The ichidan verbs are the easiest to conjugate because you just drop the る and add the て so for the verb to eat which is"));
main.append(addSyntax("たべる"));
main.append(addParagraph("The て form will be"));
main.append(addSyntax("たべて"));
main.append(addParagraph("If you want to translate a sentence like"));
main.append(addSyntax("eat and sleep"));
main.append(addParagraph("which is the basic form of the verb in Japanese, this is maybe what we would call the imperative in English so like an instruction and is"));
main.append(addSyntax("たべて ねる"));
main.append(addParagraph("You might think that"));
main.append(addSyntax("To eat and sleep"));
main.append(addParagraph("would be similar but it is slightly different"));
main.append(addSyntax("たべる こと と ねる こと"));
main.append(addParagraph("There are a couple of interesting points here.  First is that we have introduced the particle と which is quite flexible in Japanese and can mean with or when but in this case means and.  We also have"));
main.append(addSyntax("こと"));
main.append(addParagraph("which is similarly quite fleible and can mean thing as it dies here im terms of to eat (a thing) or can mean fact, circumstance etc which is probably more appropriate with sleep!"));
main.append(addSubHeader("Practice"));
main.append(addParagraph("The verbs used in the practice are pretty easy since most of them are either する or an extension of if it with the other irregular vrb which is くる"));

main.append(addSyntax("くる - come"));
main.append(addParagraph("The て form."));
main.append(addParagraph("Just as it's normal to replace す with し when conjugating the verb する, it is also normal to replace the く with  き when conjugatung the verb くる so the て form is"));
main.append(addSyntax("きて meaning come!"))
main.append(addParagraph("If we are polite and add please that gives us"));
main.append(addParagraph("An expression such as the movie title"));
main.append(addSyntax("Come and see"));
main.append(addParagraph("can be translated as"));
main.append(addSyntax("みにきて"));
main.append(addParagraph("which probably qualifies as an irregular usage!"));

main.append(addSyntax("する meaning do"));
main.append(addSyntax("してください - please do!"));

main.append(addSyntax("れんしゅうする - meaning practice"));
main.append(addSyntax("れんしゅう して ください - please practice"));
main.append(addSyntax("れんしゅう と れんしゅう - practice and practice"));

main.append(addSyntax("そうじする - clean"));
main.append(addSyntax("そうじ して ください - please clean"));

main.append(addSyntax("でんわする - call (as in make a telephone call)"));
main.append(addSyntax("でんわ して ください - please call!"));
main.append(addSyntax("この ばんごう に でんわ して ください - please call this number!"));
main.append(addParagraph("Note that ばんごう is number.  This is これ which becomes この when you are saying this number.  I won't pretend to know why!!"));

addSidebar("japanese");